AICAR
mRNA synthesis
In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA)
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Phos Binding Reagent Acrylamide
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain
Safe and sensitive stain for visualization of DNA or RNA in agarose or acrylamide gels.
Inhibitor Cocktails
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
AICAR is a cell-permeable, allosteric activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
AMPK is a heterodimeric protein serine/threonine kinase that regulates the energy status of cells to protect cell from metabolic stress. AMPK phosphorylates various metabolic enzymes to activate catabolic pathways (e.g. ketogenesis) and block anabolic pathways (e.g. protein synthesis).
In rat primary astrocytes, microglia, and peritoneal macrophages, AICAR does-dependently inhibits the LPS-induced production of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6. AICAR treatment also blocks LPS-induced nitrite production and iNOS gene expression in those cells in a dose-dependent manner by activation of AMPK. Moreover, AICAR inhibits the LPS-induced C/EBP nuclear relocation via downregulating the expression of C/EBP-δ. [1]
In LPS-injected rats, AICAR treatment abolishes LPS-mediated increased levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ in serum. AICAR treatment also strongly inhibits the LPS-induced expression of iNOS in peritoneal macrophages isolated from these rats. Furthermore, the intraperitoneal injection of LPS significantly induces the expression of TNFα, IL-1β, and IFN-γ message in the rat spleen.
Reference:
1. Giri S, Nath N, Smith B et al. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside inhibits proinflammatory response in glial cells: a possible role of AMP-activated protein kinase. J Neurosci. 2004 Jan 14;24(2):479-87.
- 1. Li N, Wang Y, et al. "Tankyrase disrupts metabolic homeostasis and promotes tumorigenesis by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling." Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 25;10(1):4363.nbsp;PMID:31554794
- 2. Murakami S, Nemazanyy I, et al. "A Yap-Myc-Sox2-p53 Regulatory Network Dictates Metabolic Homeostasis and Differentiation in Kras-Driven Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas." Dev Cell. 2019 Aug 12. pii: S1534-5807(19)30628-8. PMID:31447265
- 3. Wei Q, Zhang B, et al. "Maslinic Acid Inhibits Colon Tumorigenesis by the AMPK-mTOR Signaling Pathway." J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Apr 17;67(15):4259-4272. PMID:30913881
- 4. Chen X, Han Y, et al. "Disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein protects against ectopic fat deposition and lipid-related kidney damage in diabetic nephropathy." Kidney Int. 2019 Feb 12. pii: S0085-2538(18)30899-8. PMID:30791996
- 5. Xu N, Wang Q, et al. "Fenofibrate improves vascular endothelial function and contractility in diabetic mice." Redox Biol. 2018 Oct 1;20:87-97. PMID:30296701
| Physical Appearance | A solid |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| M.Wt | 258.23 |
| Cas No. | 2627-69-2 |
| Formula | C9H14N4O5 |
| Synonyms | GP 1-110 |
| Solubility | insoluble in EtOH; ≥12.9 mg/mL in DMSO; ≥52.9 mg/mL in H2O |
| Chemical Name | 5-amino-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]imidazole-4-carboxamide |
| SDF | Download SDF |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(C=C(C)C=CC(=O)NO)C(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N(C)C |
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: ship with blue ice. All other available sizes: ship with RT, or blue ice upon request. |
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility, please warm the tube at 37°C and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20°C for several months. |
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
Rat primary astrocytes, microglia and peritoneal macrophages |
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Preparation method |
The solubility of this compound in DMSO is limited. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 °C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20 °C for several months. |
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Reaction Conditions |
0.01 ~ 1 mM; 2 hrs |
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Applications |
In rat primary astrocytes, microglia and peritoneal macrophages, AICAR does-dependently inhibited the LPS-induced production of TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6. |
| Animal experiment [1]: | |
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Animal models |
LPS-injected rats |
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Dosage form |
100 mg/kg; i.p. |
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Applications |
In LPS-injected rats, AICAR abolished LPS-mediated increased levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ in serum. |
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Other notes |
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
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References: [1]. Giri S, Nath N, Smith B et al. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside inhibits proinflammatory response in glial cells: a possible role of AMP-activated protein kinase. J Neurosci. 2004 Jan 14;24(2):479-87. |
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Quality Control & MSDS
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Chemical structure
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