(-)-epicatechin gallate
(-)-epicatechin gallate is a major catechin component in green tea [1].
(-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) plays an important role in cell growth inhibition, apoptosis and membrane transport system [1].
(-)-epicatechin gallate is a kind of catechin. In HCT-116 cells, ECG activated transcription factor 3 (ATF3), which played a critical role in pro-apoptosis. EGR-1 was involved in ECG-induced ATF3 expression. In HCT-116 cells, ECG (50 µM) increased NAG-1 and ATF3 expression in time- and dose-dependent way [1]. In carcinoma HSC-2 cells, ECG (50 µM) exhibited cytotoxicity with midpoint cytotoxicity (NR50) value of 67 µM. However, in normal HGF-2 fibroblasts, ECG exhibited cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 25 µM with NR50 value of 100 µM. In carcinoma HSC-2 cells, ECG (250 µM) induced nucleosomal DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. ECG (150 µM) significantly increased caspase-3 activity [2].
In rats, there were five metabolites of ECG: (-)-epicatechin gallate, 3’,4’’-di-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin gallate, 4’’-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin gallate, 4’-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin gallate and 3’-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin gallate, which were excreted in rat urine [3].
References:
[1]. Cho KN, Sukhthankar M, Lee SH, et al. Green tea catechin (-)-epicatechin gallate induces tumour suppressor protein ATF3 via EGR-1 activation. Eur J Cancer, 2007, 43(16): 2404-2412.
[2]. Babich H, Krupka ME, Nissim HA, et al. Differential in vitro cytotoxicity of (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) to cancer and normal cells from the human oral cavity. Toxicol In Vitro, 2005, 19(2): 231-242.
[3]. Kohri T, Suzuki M, Nanjo F. Identification of metabolites of (-)-epicatechin gallate and their metabolic fate in the rat. J Agric Food Chem, 2003, 51(18): 5561-5566.
Physical Appearance | A solid |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 442.37 |
Cas No. | 1257-08-5 |
Formula | C22H18O10 |
Synonyms | ECG |
Solubility | ≥22.1 mg/mL in DMSO; insoluble in H2O; insoluble in EtOH |
Chemical Name | (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychroman-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate |
SDF | Download SDF |
Canonical SMILES | OC1=CC(C(O[C@@H]2CC3=C(C=C(O)C=C3O)O[C@@H]2C4=CC=C(O)C(O)=C4)=O)=CC(O)=C1O |
Shipping Condition | Small Molecules with Blue Ice, Modified Nucleotides with Dry Ice. |
General tips | We do not recommend long-term storage for the solution, please use it up soon. |
Quality Control & MSDS
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Chemical structure
