Brefeldin A
Brefeldin A (CAS 20350-15-6), commonly abbreviated as BFA, is a small-molecule inhibitor targeting ATPase activity, with a reported IC50 of approximately 0.2 μM. Its primary mechanism of action involves disruption of intracellular vesicle transport by blocking protein trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and inhibiting GTP/GDP exchange. Through these activities, BFA reduces ATP-mediated vesicular exocytosis, thereby diminishing stimulus-dependent hyperalgesia. Additionally, it induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and promotes p53 expression in tumor cell models like MCF-7 and HeLa, ultimately enhancing apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells (HCT116). BFA is widely employed as a pharmacological tool in cellular biology research to study protein secretion, vesicular transport dynamics, and ER stress pathways.
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| Physical Appearance | A solid |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| M.Wt | 280.36 |
| Cas No. | 20350-15-6 |
| Formula | C16H24O4 |
| Solubility | insoluble in H2O; ≥11.73 mg/mL in EtOH with ultrasonic; ≥4.67 mg/mL in DMSO |
| Chemical Name | (1R,2E,6S,10E,11aS,13S,14aR)-1,13-dihydroxy-6-methyl-6,7,8,9,12,13,14,14a-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[f][1]oxacyclotridecin-4(11aH)-one |
| SDF | Download SDF |
| Canonical SMILES | C[C@H](O1)CCC/C=C/[C@@]2([H])[C@](C[C@@H](O)C2)([H])[C@H](O)/C=C/C1=O |
| Shipping Condition | Small Molecules with Blue Ice, Modified Nucleotides with Dry Ice. |
| General tips | We do not recommend long-term storage for the solution, please use it up soon. |
| Cell experiment [1-4]: | |
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Cell lines |
Colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 cells; MCF-7 cells; Hela cells; Normal rat kidney cells (NRK); MDA-MB-231 cells |
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Preparation method |
The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >4.7 mg/mL. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. |
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Reacting condition |
5 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL; 3-40 h; 37℃ |
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Applications |
BFA treatment (15 h or 40 h) of normal rat kidney (NRK) cells caused dramatic swelling of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and shifted its localization to the periphery of the cells. BFA affected Golgi structure and MT and actin organization. BFA preferentially induced cell death in MDA-MB-231 suspension cultures with the EC50 of 0.016 μg/mL. BFA effectively inhibited clonogenic activity and the migration and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) activity of MDA-MB-231 cells by down-regulating the breast CSC marker CD44 and anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, as well as the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Treatment with BFA (1 μg/mL) induced p53 expression in MCF-7 cells and Hela cells. In colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 cells, BFA induced cells apoptosis. |
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Other notes |
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
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References: [1]. Alvarez C, et al. Brefeldin A (BFA) disrupts the organization of the microtubule and the actin cytoskeletons. Eur J Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;78(1):1-14. [2]. Tseng CN, et al. Brefeldin A reduces anchorage-independent survival, cancer stem cell potential and migration of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Molecules. 2014 Oct 29;19(11):17464-77. [3]. W.C. Lin, Y.C. Chuang, Y.S. Chang, M.D. Lai, Y.N. Teng, I.J. Su, C.C. Wang, K.H. Lee, J.H. Hung, Endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulates p53 expression through NF-kappaB activation, PLoS One, 7 (2012) e39120. [4]. P.M. Wierzbicki, M. Kogut, J. Ruczynski, K. Siedlecka-Kroplewska, L. Kaszubowska, A. Rybarczyk, M. Alenowicz, P. Rekowski, Z. Kmiec, Protein and siRNA delivery by transportan and transportan 10 into colorectal cancer cell lines, Folia Histochem Cytobiol, (2014). |
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Quality Control & MSDS
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