(-)-epicatechin

mRNA synthesis
In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail

Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA)
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.

Phos Binding Reagent Acrylamide
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody

Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay

SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain
Safe and sensitive stain for visualization of DNA or RNA in agarose or acrylamide gels.

Inhibitor Cocktails
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
(-)-epicatechin is a flavonoid that increases NO levels and an inducer of pancreatic β-cell regeneration [1] [2].
β cells are a subset of cells in the pancreatic islets and play an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis through the production of insulin.
(-)-epicatechin is an inducer of pancreatic β-cell regeneration. In murine macrophages, (-)-epicatechin induced nitrite accumulation induced by interferon-γ/lipopolysaccharide with IC50 value of 0.5 mM. Also, (-)-epicatechin inhibited nitration of free tyrosine induced by 0.1 and 1 mM peroxynitrite with IC50 values of 6.6 and 28.0 µM, respectively. In HL-60 cells, (-)-epicatechin inhibited nitration of protein-bound tyrosine induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate with IC50 value of 10-100 µM [2]. In human endothelial cells (HUVEC), (-)-epicatechin (0.3-10 µM) increased NO levels, suggesting its vasodilatory properties [3].
In alloxan diabetic rats, (-)-epicatechin (30 mg/kg) lowered blood sugar and restored the amount of beta-cells against alloxan-induced necrosis of the beta-cell population in the pancreatic islets. In rats, (-)-epicatechin was non-toxic up to 1 g/kg [1]. In rats, oral administration of (-)-epicatechin metabolized to 3’-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin and 4’-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin [4].
References:
[1]. Chakravarthy BK, Gupta S, Gambhir SS, et al. Pancreatic beta-cell regeneration in rats by (-)-epicatechin. Lancet, 1981, 2(8249): 759-760.
[2]. Wippel R, Rehn M, Gorren AC, et al. Interference of the polyphenol epicatechin with the biological chemistry of nitric oxide- and peroxynitrite-mediated reactions. Biochem Pharmacol, 2004, 67(7): 1285-1295.
[3]. Brossette T, Hundsdörfer C, Kröncke KD, et al. Direct evidence that (-)-epicatechin increases nitric oxide levels in human endothelial cells. Eur J Nutr, 2011, 50(7): 595-599.
[4]. Okushio K, Suzuki M, Matsumoto N, et al. Identification of (-)-epicatechin metabolites and their metabolic fate in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos, 1999, 27(2): 309-316.
Physical Appearance | A solid |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 290.27 |
Cas No. | 490-46-0 |
Formula | C15H14O6 |
Solubility | ≥14.5mg/mL in DMSO |
Chemical Name | (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3,5,7-triol |
SDF | Download SDF |
Canonical SMILES | O[[email protected]@H]1CC2=C(C=C(O)C=C2O)O[[email protected]@H]1C3=CC=C(O)C(O)=C3 |
Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: ship with blue ice. All other available sizes: ship with RT, or blue ice upon request. |
General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility, please warm the tube at 37°C and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20°C for several months. |
Quality Control & MSDS
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Chemical structure
