EZ Cap™ Human IL-21 mRNA (m1Ψ, HA tag)

IL-21 is a cytokine secreted by T cells and belongs to the tetraalpha spiral cytokine family. It plays a multifunctional role in the immune system, primarily affecting the function of B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells (NK cells). IL-21 activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by binding to its specific receptor IL-21R, thereby regulating the proliferation, differentiation and function of immune cells. In B cells, IL-21 promotes antibody production and B cell maturation. In T cells, it helps regulate the differentiation of Th17 cells and Tfh cells and enhances the function of cytotoxic T cells. In addition, IL-21 can also enhance the cytotoxic effect of NK cells. Because of its importance in immune regulation, IL-21 has potential therapeutic applications in a variety of pathological conditions such as autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancers.

EZ Cap™ Human IL-21 mRNA (m1Ψ, HA tag) is provided at a concentration of ~1 mg/ml with Cap1 structure. It expresses Human IL-21 cytokine with HA label, which is convenient for the subsequent detection of protein expression. There are currently two ways to cap mRNA: One is co-transcription method, by adding Cap analogues into the transcription process. The other is enzymatic Capping. After transcription, Cap0 capping is performed by Vaccinia virus Capping Enzyme (VCE), GTP and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). The Cap0 is then generated into the Cap1 through 2´-O-Methyltransferase and SAM. Cap1 Capping can also be performed by adding VCE, 2´-O-Methyltransferase, GTP and SAM in a one-step process. Cap 1 structure is more ideal for mammalian systems and possess higher transcription efficiency than Cap 0 structure. The addition of N1-Methylpseudo-UTP(m1Ψ) and poly(A) tail suppress RNA-mediated innate immune activation and increase the stability and lifetime of the mRNA in vitro and in vivo. Poly(A) tail also plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency of translation initiation.