Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is rigorously controlled process of cell death that leads to phagocytosis of unwanted cell. It is triggered after sufficient cellular damage and activated through extrinsic or intrinsic pathways. The intrinsic pathway is mainly occurs via release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization by Bcl-2 family proteins. The extrinsic pathway is induced by ligand binding to death receptor, such as Fas, TNFαR, DR3, DR4, and DR5. Caspases then cleave target proteins and nuclear lamins to promote DNA degradation, resulting apoptotic cells undergo phagocytosis. In addition, p53 has the ability to activate intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis by inducing transcription of several proteins like Puma, Bid, Bax, TRAIL-R2, and CD95.
Some Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), such as XIAP/BIRC4 and Bruce/BIRC6, can block casapse activity through direct binding, while other IAPs, such as cIAP1/BIRC2, cIAP2/BIRC3, act as ubiquitin ligases that target caspases for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Apoptosis is essential for growth, development and aging in multicellular organisms. Any alterations or abnormalities occurring in apoptotic processes contribute to development of human diseases, including cancer.
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BA4407 PERK-IN-5Summary: PERK-IN-5 is a potent, highly selective and orally bioavailable protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase inhibitor with ICs of 2 nM and 9 nM with p-eIF2α. - BA4408 PERK-IN-4Summary: PERK-IN-4 is a potent and selective inhibitor.
- BA4409 NBI-42902Summary: NBI-42902 is an orally active potent functional and competitive antagonist of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor.
- BA4410 Takeda-6DSummary: Takeda-6D is an orally effective inhibitor at 7.0 and 2.2 nM, respectively.
- BA4411 VU0424465Summary: VU0424465 is a positive variant modulator-agonist for mediated iCa mobilization.
- BA4412 PERK-IN-6Summary: PERK-IN-6 is an inhibitor.
- BA4424 PARG-IN-4Summary: PARG-IN-4 (Formula (A)) is an orally active and cell permeable inhibitor.
- BA4433 AlpinetinSummary: Alpinetin is a flavonoid isolated from Myristica fragrans.
- BA4472 CaulophyllogeninSummary: Caulophyllogenin is a triterpenoid saponin.
- BA4543 IsosteviolSummary: Isosteviol ((-)-Isosteviol) is a steviol glycoside derivative that is produced by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of steviol glycosides.