Amyloid Beta-Peptide (1-40) (human)

Amyloid beta-Peptide (1-40) (human) (CAS 131438-79-4) is a polypeptide with the sequence H2N-DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAE-DVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA-OH and a molecular weight of 4329.8. Amyloid beta-protein (Aβ or Abeta) is a 36-43-amino-acid polypeptide produced by sequential beta- and gamma-secretase processing of the amyloid precursor protein and is the major component of Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid plaques; in the brains of sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients, elevated Aβ levels cause cerebrovascular pathology and neurotoxicity [2]. Gamma-secretase cleaves within the transmembrane domain of APP to generate the C-terminus of the Abeta peptide, producing multiple isoforms 36-43 amino acids in length, of which Abeta40 and Aβ42 are the most common; longer Aβ forms are generated by cleavage in the endoplasmic reticulum and shorter Aβ forms in the trans-Golgi network [3]. Abeta is also a multifunctional peptide with non-pathological activities [1].

Amyloid beta-Peptide (1-40) is commonly used to establish Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models, and intracerebral injection induces amyloid deposition and learning and memory dysfunction.

References

1. Lahiri DK, Maloney B (September 2010). "Beyond the signaling effect role of amyloid–β42 on the processing of AβPP, and its clinical implications". Exp. Neurol. 225 (1): 51–4.

2. Hardy J, Duff K, Hardy KG, Perez-Tur J, Hutton M (September 1998). "Genetic dissection of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: amyloid and its relationship to tau". Nat. Neurosci. 1 (5): 355–8.

3. Hartmann T, Bieger SC, Brühl B, Tienari PJ, Ida N, Allsop D, Roberts GW, Masters CL, Dotti CG, Unsicker K, Beyreuther K (September 1997). "Distinct sites of intracellular production for Alzheimer's disease A beta40/42 amyloid peptides". Nat. Med. 3 (9): 1016–20.