10-HDA

10-HDA (CAS No.: 14113-05-4) is a bioactive unsaturated fatty acid predominantly derived from royal jelly secreted by honeybee glands and is widely studied as a multifunctional lipid mediator in biomedical research. It exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and neuroregulatory activities, making it a valuable tool compound in drug discovery and mechanistic studies. In cellular and molecular contexts, 10-HDA has been shown to modulate key biological processes such as neuronal differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and neuronal survival, potentially through the regulation of neurotrophic factor expression and associated signaling pathways. Additionally, it downregulates matrix metalloproteinases in synovial fibroblasts and inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis in endothelial cells, indicating roles in extracellular matrix remodeling and vascular signaling. Experimental evidence also suggests effects on organismal longevity and collagen synthesis, supporting its relevance in aging and tissue regeneration research. Its bioactivity is typically observed across nanomolar to micromolar concentration ranges depending on the assay system. 10-HDA is commonly applied in in vitro cell-based assays, including neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation and inflammation models, as well as in vivo models for neuroprotection, immune modulation, and metabolic regulation, where dosing strategies are adjusted according to specific experimental objectives.