7-Hydroxyflavone

7-Hydroxyflavone (CAS No.: 6665-86-7) is a bioactive flavonoid, originally isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis and also accessible via synthetic routes, that is widely studied for its anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and antiviral properties in biomedical research. Functionally, it modulates multiple signaling pathways, notably activating the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 axis to confer protection against oxidative stress and nicotine-induced cytotoxicity in renal cell models, while also suppressing key inflammatory mediators through inhibition of enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase and downregulation of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, TNF-α, and IL-6 production in activated macrophages. Additionally, it has been identified as an inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 with activity in the low micromolar range, supporting its relevance in metabolic regulation and cancer-related research, and demonstrates antiviral effects against enterovirus 71 in cell-based assays at micromolar concentrations. In vivo studies further indicate analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy in rodent models. Owing to its multitarget profile and oral bioactivity, 7-hydroxyflavone is commonly utilized in studies of oxidative stress, inflammation, viral infection, and metabolic reprogramming, with experimental concentrations or dosing regimens tailored to specific cellular systems or animal models.