Arachidonic Acid (sodium salt)

Arachidonic Acid (sodium salt) (CAS No.: 6610-25-9) is a biologically active polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid widely recognized as a key component of membrane phospholipids and a central mediator in lipid signaling pathways. As an endogenous molecule, it contributes to membrane fluidity and cellular functionality, particularly in neural, muscular, and immune systems, and serves as a critical substrate for the enzymatic generation of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and other bioactive lipid mediators involved in inflammation and signal transduction. Upon cellular stimulation, arachidonic acid is released and modulates diverse molecular targets such as ion channels, receptors, and enzymes, exerting both activating and inhibitory effects that influence processes including gene expression, cellular proliferation, and inflammatory responses. In vitro studies demonstrate activity across micromolar concentration ranges, including induction of signaling-related genes and modulation of cancer cell behavior, while higher concentrations have shown antiparasitic effects in helminth models. In vivo, administration in animal models has been associated with measurable reductions in parasite burden, supporting its relevance in host–pathogen interaction research. Arachidonic acid sodium salt is therefore broadly utilized in biochemical and pharmacological studies investigating lipid metabolism, inflammatory signaling pathways, enzyme activity, and drug discovery targeting eicosanoid-related processes, with experimental concentrations and dosing regimens varying according to specific model systems and research objectives.