10-Nitrooleate

10-Nitrooleate (CAS No.: 875685-46-4) is a nitrated fatty acid derivative belonging to a class of endogenous lipid-derived signaling mediators formed through the nitration of unsaturated fatty acids under conditions of oxidative and nitrosative stress. As a bioactive electrophilic lipid, it exerts its effects primarily through covalent modification of protein thiols, thereby modulating redox-sensitive signaling pathways and transcriptional programs associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. 10-Nitrooleate has been shown to function as a ligand for nuclear receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), contributing to the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory responses, and may also act as a nitric oxide donor or reservoir through metabolic decomposition. These mechanisms underpin its reported antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activities in diverse cellular contexts. In vitro studies indicate that nitrated fatty acids, including 10-nitrooleate, exhibit biological activity in the nanomolar to low micromolar range, influencing processes such as adipocyte differentiation and inflammatory signaling. This compound is widely utilized in biochemical and cell-based assays to investigate redox-regulated signal transduction, protein post-translational modifications, and lipid-mediated cellular communication, as well as in preclinical models of cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammation-related diseases, where experimental concentrations or dosing regimens vary depending on specific study designs and objectives.