ML-162

ML-162 (CAS No.: 1035072-16-2) is a small-molecule, covalent inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key regulator of cellular defense against lipid peroxidation and a central node in the ferroptosis signaling pathway. By irreversibly targeting GPX4, ML-162 disrupts redox homeostasis and promotes the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides, thereby triggering iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death. This mechanism has positioned ML-162 as a valuable chemical probe for studying ferroptosis and its role in cancer biology, particularly in the context of oncogenic RAS-driven tumors, where it demonstrates selective cytotoxicity toward mutant RAS-expressing cell lines. In vitro studies indicate that ML-162 exerts biological activity in the nanomolar to low micromolar range depending on cell type and experimental conditions. It is widely utilized in cellular assays to dissect lipid peroxidation dynamics, evaluate ferroptosis-modulating pathways, and screen for synergistic interactions with other anticancer agents. The concentrations or doses employed in experimental systems typically vary according to specific study designs and biological endpoints, making ML-162 a versatile tool in both mechanistic investigations and early-stage drug discovery efforts targeting ferroptosis-related vulnerabilities.