Tofogliflozin(CSG 452)

Tofogliflozin(CSG 452) (CAS No.: 1201913-82-7) is a synthetic small molecule used in metabolic research as a highly selective sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, primarily categorized as a transporter focused tool compound for renal glucose handling and glucotoxicity related biology, with functional activity centered on blockade of SGLT2 mediated glucose reabsorption and strong target preference over SGLT1, as reflected by reported in vitro potency in the nanomolar range for SGLT2 and much weaker activity in the micromolar range for SGLT1, including low nanomolar inhibitory values for human and rodent SGLT2 orthologs in biochemical profiling studies; in mechanistic studies this pharmacology is commonly applied to investigate glucose transport regulation, proximal tubular cell stress responses, and downstream metabolic and redox effects, including partial attenuation of high glucose induced reactive oxygen species generation in renal tubular cell systems, and it is therefore broadly relevant to pathway interrogation involving glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress associated signaling, and kidney focused metabolic phenotypes in preclinical models, while typical use in cell based assays, animal experiments, and compound screening programs is determined by assay format, model sensitivity, exposure duration, and specific research objectives rather than a single universal concentration or dose.