Setmelanotide (RM-493)

Setmelanotide (RM-493) (CAS No.: 920014-72-8) is a synthetic melanocortin receptor ligand and pharmacological research tool classified as a potent and selective melanocortin 4 receptor agonist, with reported in vitro activity in the subnanomolar to low nanomolar range for human and rat MC4R systems and binding potency in the low nanomolar range, making it highly suitable for mechanistic studies of central energy balance signaling in biomedical research and early drug discovery workflows; functionally, it engages MC4R mediated G protein signaling with robust stimulation of cyclic AMP pathways and context dependent signaling bias, and it has been used to dissect receptor pharmacology including MC4R MRAP2 modulatory biology, receptor variant characterization, and downstream neuroendocrine network responses relevant to appetite and satiety circuitry, autonomic regulation, and inflammation associated signaling phenotypes in experimental models; across cell based assays and animal studies, it is commonly applied as a reference agonist to benchmark pathway activation, assess genotype dependent receptor responsiveness, and support target validation or lead profiling in metabolic and neurobiology focused screening paradigms, while experimental concentrations or doses are typically selected according to assay format, model system, and specific research objectives, and all use is restricted to laboratory research applications only, not for human consumption, clinical intervention, food use, or any other non research purpose.