Recombinant Nipah virus G protein (Fc tag)

Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein (NiV-G) is a key envelope glycoprotein on the surface of Nipah virus, a member of the genus Henipavirus. This protein exists on the viral surface as a tetramer and is a type II membrane protein, structurally divided into an N-terminal cytoplasmic tail, a transmembrane domain, a stalk, and a C-terminal globular head. The core function of the G protein is to mediate viral attachment to host cells: its globular head binds to ephrin-B2 or ephrin-B3 receptors on the host cell surface, anchoring the virus to target cells. Unlike other members of the Paramyxoviridae family, the G proteins of henipaviruses have neither hemagglutinin nor neuraminidase activity; although their heads adopt the classic neuraminidase-like six-bladed β-propeller fold, they only perform receptor-binding functions. After receptor binding, the G protein undergoes a conformational change, which in turn triggers fusion protein (F protein)-mediated fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane, completing the entry process.