Recombinant Mouse IFN-gamma (His, Strep)

Interferon-γ, also known as type II or immunointerferon, has a wide range of immunomodulatory activities and is considered the prototype of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mature mouse interferon-γ exists as a non-covalently linked homodimer of 20-25 kDa variable glycosylated subunits. It has 86% amino acid sequence homology to rat interferon-γ and 38%-44% homology to cattle, dogs, cotton mice, horses, cats, humans, pigs, and rhesus macaques. The interferon-γ dimer binds to interferon-gamma RI (α subunit) and interacts with interferon-gamma RII (β subunit) to form a functional receptor complex consisting of two α and two β subunits. The inclusion of interferon-γRII increases binding affinity with ligands and the efficiency of signal transduction. Interferon-γ is produced by a variety of immune cells under inflammatory conditions, especially T cells and NK cells. It plays a key role in host defense by promoting the development and activation of Th1 cells, chemotaxis and activation of monocytes and macrophages, upregulation of antigen-presenting molecules, and conversion of immunoglobulins in B cells. It also exhibits antiviral, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects. In addition, interferon-γ acts as an anti-inflammatory mediator by promoting the development of regulatory T cells and inhibiting the differentiation of Th17 cells. The pleiotropic effect of interferon-γ contributes to the multifaceted development of atherosclerosis.