Maduramicin (ammonium salt)

Maduramicin(ammonium salt, CAS No.84878-61-5 ) is a polyether ionophore antibiotic from Nocardia, which selectively binds monovalent cations (K⁺, Rb⁺, Na⁺, Li⁺, Cs⁺) over divalents. It potently inhibits Gram-positive bacteria (MICs 0.9–125 μg/ml) but not Gram-negatives (MICs >1,000 μg/ml) or fungi (MICs 250–>1,000 μg/ml). Against Plasmodium falciparum, it reduces asexual (EC₅₀ 1.3 nM) and gametocyte (14.8 nM) viability, and blocks P. berghei transmission in mice at 4–8 mg/kg[2]. In chicks with Eimeria tenella-induced coccidiosis, dietary 5–10 ppm mitigates lesions and prevents mortality. Formulations containing maduramicin are used clinically to treat avian coccidiosis, demonstrating its utility in veterinary parasitology.Liu CM, Hermann TE, Downey A, Prosser BL, Schildknecht E, Palleroni NJ, Westley JW, Miller PA.

References：

[1] Novel polyether antibiotics X-14868A, B, C, and D produced by a Nocardia. Discovery, fermentation, biological as well as ionophore properties and taxonomy of the producing culture. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1983 Apr;36(4):343-50. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.36.343. PMID: 6853364.

[2] Maron MI, Magle CT, Czesny B, Turturice BA, Huang R, Zheng W, Vaidya AB, Williamson KC. Maduramicin Rapidly Eliminates Malaria Parasites and Potentiates the Gametocytocidal Activity of the Pyrazoleamide PA21A050. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Dec 28;60(3):1492-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01928-15. PMID: 26711768; PMCID: PMC4775975.