Kainic acid monohydrate

Kainic acid monohydrate (CAS No.: 58002-62-3) is a natural marine product isolated from the red alga Digenea simplex. As a potent excitotoxic agent, it primarily acts as an agonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors, and excessive stimulation can induce neuronal apoptosis and seizures. In in vitro studies, kainic acid is commonly used to induce neuronal excitotoxicity to investigate the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, with active concentrations typically in the nanomolar to micromolar range. In animal models, kainic acid is widely used to induce experimental epilepsy, often administered via intrahippocampal injection or intraperitoneal injection, with specific doses and concentrations depending on the experimental design and research objectives. In addition, kainic acid is also used to establish neurodegenerative disease models to study the mechanisms of neuronal injury and regeneration.