Indinavir sulfate

Indinavir sulfate (CAS No.: 157810-81-6) is an orally active, small-molecule HIV-1 protease inhibitor belonging to the class of antiretroviral agents designed to disrupt viral maturation by competitively binding to the active site of the viral protease, thereby preventing proteolytic cleavage of viral polyproteins and the formation of infectious virions. It exhibits high potency against HIV-1 protease in the subnanomolar to low nanomolar range and demonstrates selectivity over related viral and host proteases, supporting its utility in mechanistic studies of protease function and inhibitor resistance. In addition to its antiviral activity, indinavir sulfate has been shown to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity, contributing to anti-angiogenic effects and the induction of apoptosis, which positions it as a compound of interest in oncology-related research, particularly in studies of tumor progression and extracellular matrix remodeling. Emerging evidence also indicates that it can inhibit the 3CL protease of SARS-CoV, suggesting broader relevance in antiviral drug discovery. Widely used in cell-based assays and preclinical models, indinavir sulfate serves as a valuable tool for investigating viral replication, protease inhibition, and associated signaling pathways, with experimental concentrations or dosing regimens varying depending on specific study designs and research objectives.