Imiquimod maleate

Imiquimod maleate (CAS No.: 896106-16-4) is an immune response modifier. As a potent and selective agonist of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), it can induce the production of multiple cytokines such as interferon-α (IFN-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), thereby enhancing antiviral and antitumor immune responses. In addition, Imiquimod maleate also exhibits antagonistic activity against the adenosine A?A receptor (Ki = 2.16 μM) and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. In in vitro studies, Imiquimod maleate can induce the expression of antiviral proteins such as cystatin A, showing activity in the nanomolar to micromolar range. In cell and animal models, Imiquimod maleate is commonly used to study its effects on viral infection, tumor growth, and immune modulation; the doses or concentrations used in experiments typically depend on the experimental design and research objectives.