Glycohyocholic acid

Glycohyocholic acid (GHCA) is a primary conjugated bile acid formed by the combination of Cholic acid and glycine through an amide bond. It is mainly synthesized in the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and is secreted with bile to the intestine to participate in lipid digestion and absorption. Studies have shown that GHCA presents metabolic abnormalities in the pathological process of hepatitis C-related cirrhosis - viral infection may cause changes in the serum concentration and intrahepatic level of GHCA by interfering with the activity of bile acid synthase or the composition of intestinal flora, and these changes are correlated with the degree of liver fibrosis. In addition, in diabetes research, GHCA can regulate glucose metabolism by activating bile acid receptors (such as FXR and TGR5), influencing insulin sensitivity and liver glycogen synthesis, providing a target for exploring the association between metabolic diseases and bile acid homeostasis.