Efonidipine

Efonidipine (CAS No.: 111011-63-3) is a synthetic small molecule of the dihydropyridine class and is primarily categorized as an ion channel pharmacology tool compound for cardiovascular and endocrine biology research, with established activity as a dual L type and T type calcium channel blocker and additional reported inhibitory activity against SARS CoV 2 main protease in biochemical screening contexts; mechanistically, its core research utility derives from modulation of calcium influx dependent signaling, including suppression of voltage gated calcium channel mediated excitability and contractile responses, regulation of adrenal steroidogenic programs through increased steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression and enhanced dbcAMP or angiotensin II responsive StAR messenger RNA induction, and attenuation of aldosterone and cortisol biosynthetic output, thereby supporting studies of calcium dependent control of vascular tone, cardiac automaticity, and adrenal steroidogenesis; reported in vitro potency indicates high activity at L type channels in the low nanomolar range and weaker but measurable activity at T type channels in the nanomolar to submicromolar range, making it suitable for selectivity aware assay design, counter screening, and pathway deconvolution experiments; in biomedical research workflows, Efonidipine is commonly applied in cultured vascular, cardiac, and adrenal cell systems and in animal models of hemodynamic stress or neurohormonal dysregulation to interrogate channel subtype contributions and downstream transcriptional or endocrine readouts, while concentrations or doses used in experiments typically depend on specific experimental designs, model sensitivity, and study objectives, and all use should remain restricted to controlled laboratory research settings only.