Diquafosol Tetrasodium

Diquafosol Tetrasodium (CAS No.: 211427-08-6) is a synthetic small molecule nucleotide analog and selective purinergic receptor modulator that is primarily classified as a P2Y2 receptor agonist for ocular surface biology and epithelial secretion research, with a functional profile centered on activation of G protein coupled purinergic signaling in conjunctival and corneal epithelial systems to promote fluid transport and mucin release in experimental models of tear film dysfunction. In biomedical research settings, this compound is commonly used to investigate receptor mediated regulation of phospholipase C linked pathways, including inositol phosphate turnover, intracellular calcium mobilization, and downstream secretory responses that influence epithelial hydration dynamics, barrier interface properties, and mucosal surface homeostasis. Available literature characterizes its activity as potent within pharmacologically relevant concentration windows that are generally described from nanomolar to micromolar range depending on assay format, receptor expression context, and endpoint selection, while precise potency values vary across systems and should be determined under study specific conditions. In vitro applications typically include receptor activation assays, calcium flux profiling, mucin secretion analyses, and epithelial functional studies in ocular derived cell models, and in vivo research use includes animal models designed to examine tear film parameters, ocular surface integrity, and secretory physiology under controlled laboratory protocols. The concentrations or doses used in experiments typically depend on specific experimental designs and research objectives, and the material is therefore positioned in discovery workflows as a mechanistic probe and screening reference for purinergic signaling, epithelial secretagogue biology, and target pathway validation in nonclinical life sciences research only.