Dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride

The core biological function of dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (CAS No. 306-37-6, abbreviated as DMH) is to induce experimental colon cancer, mainly by triggering DNA damage (increasing purine/pyrimidine abasic sites), disrupting cell-cycle regulation (upregulating p53 and cyclin D1 expression), and altering the intestinal immune microenvironment (changing the numbers of CD8? T cells and dendritic cells (DCs), and regulating the expression of cytokines/cytotoxic granules such as IFN-γ, perforin, and granzymes) to exert carcinogenic effects; common animal modeling applications include rat experimental colon cancer models (mainly Wistar rats), which simulate the carcinogenic process by inducing multiple plaque lesions (MPLs) in the colonic mucosa; commonly used application concentration: in animal experiments, 20 mg/kg is administered via intraperitoneal injection once weekly for 4 weeks, with two observation stages: the initiation phase (48 hours after the last injection) and the post-initiation phase (12–16 weeks after treatment); as a carcinogen used for disease model construction, its core use is to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of potential chemopreventive drugs.

References:

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[2] Yin Z, Zhang J, Wu J, Green R, Li S, Zheng S. Synthesis of o-chlorophenols via an unexpected nucleophilic chlorination of quinone monoketals mediated by N,N'-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride. Org Biomol Chem. 2014 May 14;12(18):2854-8. doi: 10.1039/c4ob00391h. PMID: 24675905; PMCID: PMC4075316.

[3] Renuka, Agnihotri N, Bhatnagar A. Differential ratios of fish/corn oil ameliorated the colon carcinoma in rat by altering intestinal intraepithelial CD8+ T lymphocytes, dendritic cells population and modulating the intracellular cytokines. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Feb;98:600-608. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.041. Epub 2017 Dec 28. PMID: 29289834.