AR420626

AR420626 (CAS No.: 1798310-55-0) is a small-molecule, selective agonist of free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3, also known as GPR41) that exhibits activity in the nanomolar range and shows high selectivity over the related receptor FFAR2, with no detectable activation at concentrations up to high micromolar levels. Functionally, AR420626 engages FFAR3-mediated signaling pathways to modulate metabolic, inflammatory, and neurophysiological processes, including the enhancement of intracellular calcium signaling that promotes glucose uptake in metabolic models and supports its utility in studies of diabetes and metabolic dysregulation. In oncology research, AR420626 has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and suppress the growth of HepG2 xenografts, at least in part through the induction of apoptosis and regulation of downstream signaling cascades. The compound also demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties and has been used to investigate mechanisms underlying allergic asthma and eczema. In gastrointestinal and neurobiology contexts, AR420626 can influence enteric neural pathways, including inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated signaling, thereby improving neurogenic diarrhea, and it has been reported to modestly stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 release in intestinal models. Owing to its defined receptor selectivity and diverse biological effects, AR420626 is widely applied as a pharmacological tool in cell-based assays, ex vivo tissue studies, and in vivo disease models, with experimental concentrations or dosing regimens varying according to specific study designs and therapeutic hypotheses.