Adenosine 2'(3')-monophosphate (mixed isomers)

Adenosine 2'(3')-monophosphate (mixed isomers) (CAS No.: 130-49-4) is a naturally derived nucleotide metabolite that functions as an intermediate in purine metabolism and participates in the extracellular 2’,3’-cAMP–adenosine pathway, where it is generated from cyclic nucleotide precursors and further converted to adenosine. This compound is widely used in biochemical and pharmacological research as a modulator of intracellular and extracellular signaling processes, particularly those involving adenosine receptor activation and phosphorylation-dependent regulatory mechanisms. It has been shown to influence nucleotide metabolism and cellular signaling cascades, including activation of A2A receptors, leading to suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and CXCL10 in immune and glial cell systems. Through these pathways, it provides a valuable tool for studying signal transduction, enzyme activity modulation, and inflammation-related responses in vitro, with reported bioactivity typically observed in the nanomolar to micromolar range depending on assay conditions. Adenosine 2'(3')-monophosphate is commonly applied in cell-based assays, including primary microglia and other immune-responsive models, as well as in broader investigations of cardiovascular and metabolic regulatory mechanisms, where experimental concentrations are selected according to specific study designs and endpoints.