2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxyl diphenylethylene-2-o-glucoside

2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxyl diphenylethylene-2-o-glucoside (CAS No.: 82373-94-2) is a naturally occurring stilbene glucoside predominantly isolated from the roots and stems of Polygonum multiflorum and related Polygonaceae species, widely investigated in biomedical research for its multifaceted pharmacological properties. This compound exhibits pronounced antioxidant activity, including free radical scavenging in cell-free systems at low micromolar levels, and modulates key inflammatory and eicosanoid pathways through inhibition of mediators such as 5-HETE, HHT, and thromboxane B2, supporting its classification as an anti-inflammatory and cardiometabolic regulatory agent. Mechanistically, it has been shown to attenuate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, suppress reactive oxygen species generation, and inhibit apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, while enhancing endothelial function via increased nitric oxide bioavailability and improved vasorelaxation responses in vascular tissues. In vivo studies further demonstrate neuroprotective effects, including reduction of infarct size and neuronal apoptosis in ischemia-reperfusion injury models, consistent with its broader roles in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease research. The compound is therefore commonly utilized in cell-based and animal models to investigate oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and vascular function, with experimental concentrations or doses varying according to specific study designs. For optimal stability, it should be stored in a sealed, cool, and dry environment.