Azathramycin

Azathramycin A (CAS No. 76801-85-9) is a macrolide antibiotic whose core biological activity is inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis. Its site of action is the ribosome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and it exerts antibacterial effects by binding to the ribosome. It belongs to therapeutic agents for bacterial infections; it has been detected as a ribosome binder in in vitro biophysical screening. Its antibacterial activity is consistent with that of other macrolide antibiotics, and it is presumed to be applicable to the treatment of infections related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its target-binding specificity is similar to that of other macrolide antibiotics, and it has only been confirmed in ALIS high-throughput screening to exhibit specific binding to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ribosome. Azathramycin A is the main impurity and degradation product of Azithromycin (CAS No. 83905-01-5, Cat. No.: B1398). Azithromycin may generate azaerythromycin A under stress conditions such as acid hydrolysis and heating.

References:

[1] Khedr A, Sheha M. Quantitative thin-layer chromatographic method of analysis of azithromycin in pure and capsule forms. J Chromatogr Sci. 2003 Jan;41(1):10-6. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/41.1.10. PMID: 12597590.

[2] Yang Z, Prinsen JK, Bersell KR, Shen W, Yermalitskaya L, Sidorova T, Luis PB, Hall L, Zhang W, Du L, Milne G, Tucker P, George AL Jr, Campbell CM, Pickett RA, Shaffer CM, Chopra N, Yang T, Knollmann BC, Roden DM, Murray KT. Azithromycin Causes a Novel Proarrhythmic Syndrome. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2017 Apr;10(4):e003560. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.115.003560. PMID: 28408648; PMCID: PMC5396181.

[3] Santa Maria JP Jr, Park Y, Yang L, Murgolo N, Altman MD, Zuck P, Adam G, Chamberlin C, Saradjian P, Dandliker P, Boshoff HIM, Barry CE 3rd, Garlisi C, Olsen DB, Young K, Glick M, Nickbarg E, Kutchukian PS. Linking High-Throughput Screens to Identify MoAs and Novel Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dihydrofolate Reductase. ACS Chem Biol. 2017 Sep 15;12(9):2448-2456. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00468. Epub 2017 Aug 29. PMID: 28806050; PMCID: PMC6298432.

[4] Ozsvari B, Nuttall JR, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP. Azithromycin and Roxithromycin define a new family of "senolytic" drugs that target senescent human fibroblasts. Aging (Albany NY). 2018 Nov 14;10(11):3294-3307. doi: 10.18632/aging.101633. PMID: 30428454; PMCID: PMC6286845.