AAF

AAF (2-acetamidofluorene, CAS 53-96-3) is a carcinogen widely used in biomedical research, mainly to induce animal models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and multiple primary tumors. Its carcinogenic mechanism involves covalent binding to DNA after metabolic activation, leading to gene mutations and abnormal cell proliferation. In cellular models, researchers often add it to culture media to observe its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis; in animal models, it is usually administered orally or by intraperitoneal injection to induce liver tumor formation. Due to its strong carcinogenicity, strict safety procedures must be followed during experiments.