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In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
ST 2825 is a specific inhibitor of MyD88 dimerization [1].
ST 2825 is a synthetic compound which mimics the structure of the heptapeptide in the BB-loop of the MyD88-TIR domain and interferes the homodimerization of MyD88. ST 2825 was proved to specifically inhibit the homodimerization of MyD88 TIR domains without affecting the homodimerization of death domains. In HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-MyD88 and Myc-MyD88, ST 2825 inhibited the interaction of the two MyD88 by 80% at the concentration of 10 μM. This inhibition resulted in the subsequent interference of the IRAK1 and IRAK4 recruitment. Besides that, administration of ST 2825 significantly inhibited the IL-6 production stimulated by IL-1β at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg in mice. Furthermore, 8 μM ST 2825 completely blocked the TLR9-induced B cell proliferation. ST2825 also suppressed the generation of plasma cells induced by CpG dose-dependently [1].
References:[1] Loiarro M, Capolunghi F, Fantò N, et al. Pivotal Advance: Inhibition of MyD88 dimerization and recruitment of IRAK1 and IRAK4 by a novel peptidomimetic compound. Journal of leukocyte biology, 2007, 82(4): 801-810.
Cell lines
HEK 293T and HeLa cell [1], B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells [1]
Preparation method
The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >10 mM. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 °C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20°C for several months.
Reaction Conditions
6-7 h (HEK 293T cell), 15 min (HeLa cell), 5 days (B cell culture) [1]
Applications
In HEK293T cells, ST2825 specifically inhibited homodimerization of MyD88 TIR domains with 40% inhibition of dimerization at 5 μM and 80% inhibition at 10 μM. This effect was specific for homodimerization of the TIR domains and did not affect homodimerization of the death domains. Moreover, ST2825 interfered with recruitment of IRAK1 and IRAK4 by MyD88, causing inhibition of IL-1-mediated activation of NF-κB transcriptional activity [1]. B cell proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells in response to CpG-induced activation of TLR9 were also suppressed by ST2825 (> 8 μM). These results showed that ST2825 blocked IL-1R/TLR signaling by interfering with MyD88 homodimerization and suggested that it may have therapeutic potential in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases [1]. TLR9-induced plasma cell (PC) generation was blocked by ST2825 in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from SLE patients [3].
Animal models
C57BL female mice [1]
Dosage form
Orally taken at 100 or 200 mg/kg/day [1]; injection at 25 mg/kg/day [2]
ST2825 dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose [1]
IL-1 beta-induced production of IL-6 was dose-dependently inhibited by ST2825 (100 or 200mg/kg daily) in treated mice [1]. In a murine model of non-reperfused acute myocardial infarction，ST2825 (25 mg/kg) protected left ventricular from dilatation and hypertrophy. No measurable reduction in infarct size was found [2].
Other notes
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.
References:
[1]. Loiarro M, Capolunghi F, Fantò N et al. Pivotal advance: inhibition of MyD88 dimerization and recruitment of IRAK1 and IRAK4 by a novel peptidomimetic compound. Journal of Leukocyte Biology (2007), 82(4), 801-810.
[2]. Van Tassell BW, Seropian IM, Toldo S et al. Pharmacologic Inhibition of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 (MyD88) Prevents Left Ventricular Dilation and Hypertrophy After Experimental Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Mouse. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (2010), 55(4), 385-390.
[3]. Capolunghi F1, Rosado MM, Cascioli S et al., Pharmacological inhibition of TLR9 activation blocks autoantibody production in human B cells from SLE patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010 Dec;49(12):2281-9.
