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In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Biotin-HPDP (N-[6-(biotinamido)hexyl]-3’-(2’-pyridyldithio)propionamide), a sulfhydryl-reactive biotinylation agent, is a water-insoluble reagent that requires the dissolution of suitable solvents, including dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethylformamide (DMF), prior to the addition into aqueous reactions. Biotin-HPDP consists of a bicyclic biotin rings structure, a 1,6-diaminohexane spacer group attached to the valeric acid side chain of biotin and a sulfhydryl-reactive group at the end of the spacer. The pyridyl disulfide group at the end of biotin-HPDP is able to react with free thiol groups on proteins and other molecules forming a disulfide bond and releasing pyridine-2-thione. The long spacer arm of biotin-HPDP enables the modified molecule to better bind to the avidin or streptavidin probes.
Reference
Bioconjugate Techniques , 2nd ed. By Greg T.Hermanson (Pierce Biotechnology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, IL). Academic Press (an imprint of Elsevier): London, Amsterdam, Burlington, San Diego . 2008. ISBN 978-0-12-370501-3.
• Protein labeling—biotinylate antibodies or other proteins for use in protein methods • Thiol-reactive—reacts with sulfhydryls (-SH), such as the side-chain of cysteine (C) • Pyridyldithiol-activated—perform reactions at pH 6.5 to 7.5 in buffers such as PBS • Reversible—forms disulfide bonds, which can be cleaved using DTT or other reducing agent • Solubility—water insoluble, must be dissolved in DMSO or DMF before further dilution in aqueous buffers • Medium length—spacer arm is 29.2 angstroms
Sample
S-nitrosylated proteins
Preparation method
Soluble in DMSO or DMF.
Reaction Conditions
50mM, 25 ℃ for 1 h
Applications
Prepare biotin-HPDP as a 50mM suspension in DMSO, Dilute with DMF to a final concentration of 4 mM. Add 1:3 volume of Labeling Solution and 1:50 volume of Ascorbate Solution(50mM) to the blocked protein samples, incubate for 1 hour at 25°C. After that, add two volumes of −20°C acetone and incubate for 20 min at −20°C to remove the biotin-HPDP. At last, Add 15 µl of packed streptavidin-agarose per mg of protein used in the initial protein sample, to purify biotinylated proteins. Incubate the biotinylated proteins with the resin for 1 hour at room temperature. Wash the beads five times with 10 volumes of Neutralization Buffer + NaCl. Centrifuge at 200g for 5 s at room temperature between each wash. Incubate the beads with Elution Buffer to recover the bound proteins. To test for the protein of interest with specific antibodies in SDS-PAGE.
References:
[1].Samie R. Jaffrey and Solomon H. Snyder. The Biotin Switch Method for the Detection of S-Nitrosylated Proteins. Science’s stke.2015.