Phillygenin

Phillygenin (CAS No.: 487-39-8) is a lignan compound mainly found in plants such as Forsythia suspensa, and it exhibits multiple biological activities. Studies have shown that Phillygenin has significant effects. By regulating signaling pathways such as NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and Nrf2-ARE, it exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and alleviates inflammatory responses. Phillygenin can enhance the antioxidant capacity of hepatocytes by activating the Nrf2-ARE pathway, inhibit the TGF-β/Smads pathway, and reduce activation of hepatic stellate cells associated with liver fibrosis, thereby protecting the liver from injury. Its anticancer effects are mainly achieved by regulating proliferation-related pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and JAK/STAT, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibiting proliferation and metastasis; meanwhile, it targets Notch1 signaling to interfere with the self-renewal of cancer stem cells. In vitro studies show that Phillygenin exhibits activity in the nanomolar to micromolar concentration range. Its application methods in cell and animal models are diverse, and the doses or concentrations used in experiments usually depend on the experimental design and research objectives.