Tetracycline Hydrochloride

Tetracycline Hydrochloride (CAS 64-75-5) is a bacterial ribosome inhibitor (bacteriostatic antibiotic)[1].

Tetracycline Hydrochloride inhibits translation by binding to 16S rRNA and preventing the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex; however, its precise target site and mechanism of action remain controversial[1].

At concentrations of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 150, 225, and 300 µM, the antibacterial activity of tetracycline hydrochloride against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) increases progressively. After 6 h of treatment, the statistically estimated IC50 values of tetracycline hydrochloride against S. aureus, cadmium-resistant S. aureus, and lead-resistant S. aureus are 4.8, 3.8, and 2.2 µM, respectively[2].

In subjects with baseline Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) levels of at least 10000 colony-forming units/cm², tetracycline hydrochloride treatment (1000 mg/day, twice daily, orally) for 6 weeks significantly reduces P. acnes on both cheeks and the forehead at weeks 3 and 6, but with almost no residual effect; at week 9, the P. acnes levels in the tetracycline hydrochloride group return to baseline[3].

Intraperitoneal injection of tetracycline hydrochloride combined with a high-fat diet induces non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in mice, making it a commonly used chemically induced fatty liver model.

References

[1]. Chukwudi C U. rRNA Binding Sites and the Molecular Mechanism of Action of the Tetracyclines. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2016, 60(8): 4433-4441.

[2]. Chudobova D, Dostalova S, Blazkova I, et al. Effect of ampicillin, streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline on metal resistant and non-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2014, 11(3): 3233-3255.

[3]. Leyden J J, Kaidbey K, Gans E H. The antimicrobial effects in vivo of minocycline, doxycycline and tetracycline in humans. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 1996, 7: 223-225.