TNF-α Antagonist

TNF-α Antagonist (CAS No.: 199999-60-5) is a biologically active cyclic peptide engineered to mimic the critical tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recognition loop of TNF receptor I, thereby functioning as a competitive inhibitor of TNF–receptor interactions and effectively blocking downstream TNF-mediated signaling pathways. By disrupting ligand binding at the receptor interface, this antagonist inhibits activation of key inflammatory cascades, including NF-κB signaling, and interferes with receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK)-dependent osteoclast differentiation and activation, ultimately attenuating inflammatory bone resorption processes. As a peptide-based modulator of cytokine signaling, it is widely utilized in immunology and inflammation research, particularly in studies of autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, where TNF-driven immune responses contribute to joint inflammation, bone erosion, and systemic bone loss. In vitro, its activity is typically observed within nanomolar to micromolar concentration ranges depending on assay design and cellular context, and it serves as a valuable molecular template for the development of novel TNF pathway inhibitors. This compound is commonly applied in cell-based assays and preclinical models to investigate cytokine signaling mechanisms, osteoclast biology, and inflammatory disease progression, with experimental concentrations or dosing regimens adjusted according to specific research objectives.