Cell Stimulation Cocktail (Protein Transport Inhibitors Plus, 500X)

Cell Stimulation Cocktail (Protein Transport Inhibitors Plus, 500X) is a pre-mixture cocktail of 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), ionomycin, brefeldin A, and monensin. Stimulation of cells with PMA and ionomycin can induce many cell activations, which in turn induce the production of cytokines. Brefeldin A and monensin are protein transport inhibitors that allow secreted proteins to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, allowing the resulting cytokines to remain in the cell. It can then be detected by immunoassays.

This reagent is supplied as a stock solution dissolved in ethanol and can be used directly. The concentration of PMA is 40.5 μM (25 μg/mL), ionomycin is 670 μM (0.5 mg/mL), brefeldin A is 5.3 mM (1.5 mg/mL), and monensin is 1 mM (0.7 mg/mL).