Quinacrine 2HCl Dihydrate

Quinacrine 2HCl Dihydrate (CAS No.: 6151-30-0) is a synthetic small molecule belonging to the acridine dye family, with a historical background related to antimalarial use. It is now mainly used as a multifunctional probe and tool compound in chemical biology and drug discovery research, and is of particular interest in tumor biology and nucleic acid imaging; in cellular systems, it can inhibit NF-κB and WNT/TCF transcriptional programs, activate p53-dependent responses, and inhibit topoisomerase activity, thereby inducing phenotypes such as autophagy and apoptosis under experiment-dependent conditions. It also has intercalative interactions with DNA and RNA and can be used as a fluorescent dye for fixed cells, with typical excitation and emission maxima of approximately 436 nm and 525 nm, respectively; in various mammalian cell lines and enzymatic assays, its in vitro activity in pathway modulation and cell growth inhibition is typically observed in the low to mid micromolar range, and submicromolar effects may be observed under specific assay and model conditions; major research applications include use as a mechanistic research modulator for NF-κB-, WNT/TCF-, p53-, or topoisomerase-related pathways, as a reference or positive control in screening and validation targeting the above pathways, and as a nucleic acid dye in microscopy and plate-based assays; in cellular models and exploratory animal models, it may also be used as a tool compound to analyze signaling networks and mechanisms of action, while the concentration or dose used in experiments usually depends on the specific experimental design and research objective; for laboratory research use only, not for diagnostic, clinical, or other non-research uses.