Nitazoxanide

Nitazoxanide (CAS No.: 55981-09-4) is a synthetic nitrothiazole salicylamide derivative, originally developed as an antiprotozoal agent, and has now been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of parasitic infections such as cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis. Its primary mechanism of action is to inhibit pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR)-dependent electron transfer reactions, thereby disrupting energy metabolism in anaerobic organisms. In vitro studies show that Nitazoxanide has strong inhibitory activity against a variety of anaerobic bacteria and Helicobacter pylori, with MIC90 values ranging from 0.06 mg/L to 4 mg/L. In addition, Nitazoxanide also exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity, including inhibition of replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Its use in cell and animal models is diverse, and appropriate doses and routes of administration are typically selected according to specific experimental designs and research objectives.