Landiolol hydrochloride

Landiolol hydrochloride (CAS No.: 144481-98-1) is a synthetic small molecule adrenergic modulator classified as an ultra short acting and highly beta 1 selective adrenoceptor antagonist, primarily used as a cardiovascular pharmacology reference compound in biomedical research and drug discovery workflows focused on autonomic signaling and acute hemodynamic regulation. Mechanistically, it functions as a competitive blocker of beta 1 adrenergic receptor mediated signaling, thereby attenuating catecholamine driven cyclic AMP dependent responses in cardiac tissue models, reducing chronotropic drive with comparatively limited direct influence on major cardiac ion channel currents and relatively weak negative inotropic impact under controlled experimental conditions. Beyond receptor level modulation, preclinical evidence in inflammatory stress paradigms indicates that this agent can suppress tumor necrosis factor alpha associated mitochondrial hyperoxia related oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen species generation, supporting investigation of beta adrenergic control of cardio renal and immunometabolic cross talk in complex disease models. Reported pharmacological activity in research systems is generally consistent with high potency beta 1 antagonism in the nanomolar to low micromolar range depending on assay format, species context, and endpoint selection, while broader off target effects are typically evaluated at higher concentrations during selectivity profiling. Typical applications include mechanistic studies in cardiomyocyte and vascular cell based assays, translational pharmacology experiments in tachyarrhythmia like or systemic inflammation associated animal models, and benchmark use in screening platforms for next generation beta adrenergic ligands, with concentrations or doses used in experiments typically depending on specific experimental designs and research objectives.