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In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor that inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in MT-2 cells and PBMC with the half maximal effective concentration EC50 values of 0.007 μmol/L and 0.005 μmol/L [1].
Shortly upon administration, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate rapidly goes through esterase hydrolysis removing the two ester groups and yielding tenofovir, which is a nucleotide analogue with anti-viral activity against retroviruses including HIV-1, HIV-2 and hepadnaviruses. Tenofovir is phosphorylated by cellular nucleotide kinase and adenylate kinase and eventually converted into its active anabolite tenofovir diphosphate, which inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and terminates the growing DNA chain [2].
References:[1] Fung HB, Stone EA, Piacenti FJ. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection. Clin Ther. 2002 Oct;24(10):1515-48.[2] Brian P. Kearney, John F. Flaherty, Jaymin Shah. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. August 2004, Volume 43, Issue 9, pp 595-612
Cell lines
MT-2 cells and PBMCs
Preparation method
The solubility of this compound in DMSO is > 31.8 mg/mL. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 °C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below - 20 °C for several months.
Reacting condition
0.007 μM or 0.005 μM
Applications
In MT-2 cells and PBMCs, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate inhibited HIV replication with the EC50 values of 0.007 μM and 0.005 μM, respectively. The anti-HIV activity of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate was shown to be 36- to 90-fold greater than that of Tenofovir.
References:
[1]. Fung HB, Stone EA, Piacenti FJ. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection. Clin Ther. 2002 Oct;24(10):1515-48.