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In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Guanethidine Sulfate is an anti-hypertensive drug involved in reducing the release of catecholamines such as norepinephrine [1].
In vitro: Guanethidine (0.1 and 1 μM) decreased S-I efflux but increased resting efflux in a concentration dependent manner[1].On the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens, Guanethidine (3 μM) treatment inhibited twitching by 95% ± 3% in 15 min, but this effect was only partially reversed after 1 h of washing (33% ± 12% of control). When guanethidine were used in combination with prilocaine, a reversal of 80% ± 13% (at 1 h) was observed. When co-incubated with guanethidine (3 μM), the twitch was reduced to 24% ± 4% of control and was reversed to 77% ± 7% after 1 h. The reversal produced by the combination was significantly more intense (P < 0.05) when compared with guanethidine alone. Local anesthetics reduced the sympatholytic actions of guanethidine, and this could explain the variable efficacy of guanethidine in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome [2].
References:[1]. Fabiani ME1,Story DF. Inhibition of sympathetic noradrenergic transmission by guanabenz and guanethidine in rat isolated mesenteric artery: involvement of neuronal potassium channels.Pharmacol Res.1996 Mar;33(3):171-80.[2]. Joyce PI1,Rizzi D,Caló G,Rowbotham DJ,Lambert DG. The effect of guanethidine and local anesthetics on the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens.Anesth Analg.2002 Nov;95(5):1339-43, table of contents.
Cell lines
the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens
Preparation method
This compound is soluble in DMSO. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
Reacting condition
3 μM
Applications
In the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens, Guanethidine sulfate inhibited twitching by 95%±3% in 15 min, but this effect was only partially reversed after 1 h of washing (33%±12% of control).
Animal models
Myocardial infarction (MI) rat model
Dosage form
low-dose [LG], 1 mg/kg/day; medium-dose, 3 mg/kg/day; high-dose, 10 mg/kg/day; administered via an osmotic mini-pump for 4 weeks
Application
In myocardial infarction (MI) rats, LG suppressed left ventricular (LV) dilation (9.2±0.9 mm vs.11.0±0.8 mm) and improved LV fractional shortening (25.0±4.5% vs. 16.4±4.7%) in association with a reduction of plasma NE levels (520±250 pg/ml vs.1,000±570 pg/ml). Low-dose guanethidine reduced 24-h (6%) and 28-day mortality (6%). High-dose guanethidine also reduced 24-h mortality (12%) but increased 28-day mortality (91%).
Other notes
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.
References:
[1]. Joyce PI1,Rizzi D,Caló G,Rowbotham DJ,Lambert DG. The effect of guanethidine and local anesthetics on the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens.Anesth Analg.2002 Nov;95(5):1339-43, table of contents.
[2]. Igawa A1, Nozawa T, Fujii N, et al. Long-term treatment with low-dose, but not high-dose, guanethidine improves ventricular function and survival of rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Aug 6;42(3):541-8.